El mundo avanza rápido hacia un futuro de vehículos eléctricos. Países como China, Gran Bretaña, Francia, Noruega o la India han anunciado planes de eliminación gradual de los vehículos que utilizan combustibles fósiles para las próximas décadas. Y muchos de los signatarios del Acuerdo de París sobre el cambio climático están promoviendo muy activamente la adopción de vehículos sin emisiones.
Sin embargo, pese a este incremento de vehículos eléctricos a nivel mundial, la tecnología será limpia en la medida en que lo sea la fuente de electricidad. Para reducir realmente a cero el nivel de emisiones, estos vehículos eléctricos deben funcionar con energías renovables. Por tanto, cuando la energía hidráulica, eólica o solar y otras renovables no estén disponibles localmente, será necesario suministrarlas desde largas distancias.
De ahí que la tecnología de ABB dedicada al transporte de electricidad a larga distancia resulte tan decisiva para la adopción del transporte sostenible mundial. El sistema Network Manager SCADA/EMS (sistema de control supervisor y adquisición de datos/gestión de energía) de ABB Ability garantiza una alta fiabilidad del sistema en todas las redes eléctricas. La plataforma gestiona en tiempo real todas las operaciones controladas a distancia de los sistemas de generación, transporte y distribución de energía.
En muchas redes eléctricas, en función de la distancia que deba recorrer la electricidad desde el punto de generación hasta los consumidores, se pierde en el camino hasta un 15 por ciento de energía. Esto significa que una línea de transmisión pensada para abastecer una ciudad de un millón de habitantes llevaría energía suficiente para abastecer solo a 850.000 habitantes.
Por tanto, resulta decisivo poder transportar la electricidad desde zonas alejadas donde normalmente se generan las energías renovables (eólica, solar o hidráulica) hasta las ciudades donde resulta más adecuado el uso de vehículos eléctricos. Actualmente, gracias a la corriente continua en alta tensión o HVDC, tecnología en la que ABB es pionera, los operadores de redes eléctricas pueden transportar la energía eficazmente por vía subterránea o submarina y entre países.
Al utilizar corriente continua, la HVDC resulta más eficaz que la corriente alterna (CA) que usan las redes eléctricas y los consumidores. La transmisión de corriente alterna (CA) a largas distancias exige el uso de muchos transformadores especializados y otros sistemas de apoyo en todo el trayecto.
Por otro lado, la HVDC permite transportar la electricidad a granel eficazmente a grandes distancias con necesidad de menos equipos. En comparación con la CA, la HVDC también reduce considerablemente las pérdidas de transmisión, potencialmente a menos del uno por ciento. Además, la tecnología HVDC permite el control preciso de los flujos de energía en ambos sentidos, algo imposible de hacer con los sistemas de CA.
La última oferta HVDC de ABB, denominada HVDC Light, ha duplicado la capacidad energética de la tecnología a 3000 vatios y ha aumentado su alcance a más de 2000 kilómetros. La clave de estos notables avances son los dispositivos basados en semiconductores, que permiten mayor control y economizan los sistemas HVDC gracias a su mayor variedad de configuraciones. Con esta tecnología, un país del tamaño de Canadá ahora puede conectar regiones remotas a su red de forma activa.
HVDC Light, que ahora conecta países como Dinamarca, Alemania y Noruega, también contribuye a que las redes puedan gestionar la intermitencia aparejada a algunas energías renovables, por ejemplo, cuando no hace viento o sol y no hay corriente.
HVDC es una tecnología clave para allanar el camino de los vehículos eléctricos y la movilidad sostenible. Al generarse más electricidad a partir de fuentes de energías renovables y poderse transportar a cientos o miles de kilómetros sin apenas pérdidas a través de líneas HVDC, el vehículo que cargamos en casa no será responsable de ninguna emisión de carbono. Será posible abastecer electricidad totalmente limpia desde el punto de producción hasta el de consumo.
Esto se extenderá cada vez más a zonas donde las infraestructuras energéticas sean relativamente más deficientes, no solo a los países desarrollados. La tecnología HVDC Light puede servir de apoyo a redes menos robustas y tiene la agilidad suficiente para estabilizar flujos irregulares de electricidad compensando rápidamente las fluctuaciones eléctricas. ABB conoce bien el revolucionario potencial de esta nueva tecnología y sigue innovando en este campo tan prometedor.
* Un enfoque aún más potente de ABB
Más allá de la transmisión HVDC, existe una tecnología alternativa más potente: La corriente continua de ultra alta tensión o UHVDV. Actualmente ABB está suministrando e instalando la tecnología UHVDC de unos inauditos 1.100 kilovoltios en China, que tiene la mayor proporción de vehículos eléctricos del mundo.
Los sistemas UHVDC que funcionan a más de 1.100 kilovoltios permiten a China transportar enormes recursos energéticos de sus regiones del oeste y noroeste hasta los grandes centros de consumo ubicados principalmente en el este. Por ejemplo, la tecnología UHVDC de ABB permitió establecer una nueva conexión eléctrica de más de 3000 kilómetros de extensión, desde la región de Xinjiang hasta la provincia oriental de Anhui, sin apenas pérdidas.
La separación y clasificación del flujo de los materiales triturados hacen posible que los plásticos, metales y otros materiales puedan ser reutilizados.
La pirámide es un marco simple que ayuda a las organizaciones a argumentar cómo y por qué podrían y deberían cumplir con sus responsabilidades sociales. Intenta equilibrar los intereses propios de las empresas (ganancias) con su objetivo más amplio y virtuoso de ser socialmente responsable.
La entrega de productos grandes y voluminosos ya no tiene por qué ser un obstáculo.
Los minoristas pueden ofrecer una experiencia de entrega rápida, precisa y satisfactoria. Aprovechando las distintas soluciones logísticas avanzadas, que pueden superar los desafíos tradicionales y deleitar a sus clientes con entregas excepcionales.
Above the head, there is a roaring wind, as if there is something invisible, and meteors are flying down with heavy fire.Over the years, Anan has grown so much that Jiang Yuebai has the urge to try her hand at her.
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The secret room full of blood talismans was intact.Isn t it just because there are so many loopholes that we are constantly filling them In fact, it is not necessary at all.
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It takes more than a dozen people to resist the attack of a dragon.The master came to say goodbye. He said that Qingnangzi escaped from his hands back then.
The three giant spirits retreated in fear, and the black mist on their bodies was sucked into the tornado together with the thunder and lightning
In the blink of an eye, the giant spirit s body disintegrated, leaving only a few pieces of magnet hanging in the air, which were smashed and absorbed one by one by the Yuan Magnetic Ruler.
No matter how high the false Yuan Shen is, it will withstand it.Xiao Lu, help me guard for half an hour. No one is allowed to approach within half an hour.
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As long as they are pious enough, they will give them the second level martial arts skills.Only the Golden Crow Fire could be promoted to the Divine Fire of the Sun.
Grass Dragon took that guy and Frost Dragon and died together.The mountain breeze blows the morning mist, and the green smoke envelopes people s homes.
The blue fire attracted the blood skeleton s attention.You always think about farming wherever you go, haha
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This formation was set up personally by the Taoist Fusion Lord of the Zhenwu Immortal Sect.
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Ah Tong Yi was ashamed. Zhu Song signed pricing agreements and shipping agreements one after another
The leader s name was Shen Yi. December 10th. A large number of reporters came to the Fujing intersection.If you really want to do it, there is nothing I can do to stop it.
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This time, it s the furniture brand of Qi s Home Furnishing.Along the way, it seemed vaguely that this new student quickly became mingled with the boys and started joking.
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El mundo avanza rápido hacia un futuro de vehículos eléctricos. Países como China, Gran Bretaña, Francia, Noruega o la India han anunciado planes de eliminación gradual de los vehículos que utilizan combustibles fósiles para las próximas décadas. Y muchos de los signatarios del Acuerdo de París sobre el cambio climático están promoviendo muy activamente la adopción de vehículos sin emisiones.