“México es optimista en su esfuerzo por mantener las tendencias de crecimiento, a pesar de los factores externos e internos adversos que han mantenido el crecimiento del PIB por debajo del pronóstico inicial. A finales de 2016 e inicios de 2017, el desafío clave ha sido mantener el interés de la inversión extranjera a lo largo del período electoral de Estados Unidos. Esto ha sido sostenido por la situación geopolítica del «Mexican Moment», mientras el país busca nuevos aliados y territorios para exportar”, comentó Gerardo Kanahuati, director general de Hays México.
La leve mejoría en la economía mundial ha provocado una ligera disminución de las presiones en el mercado laboral desde 2016, dado que un número creciente de migrantes calificados proporciona un mayor flujo de talento con altas habilidades en todos los países. Sin embargo, a pesar de la disminución en la presión, la escasez de habilidades continúa. Las empresas siguen luchando por encontrar profesionales con las capacidades que demandan en múltiples sectores y puestos especializados.
Estas son algunas de las conclusiones del estudio Índice Global de Habilidades 2017 de Hays, la sexta edición de un reporte desarrollado en colaboración con Oxford Economics. Este informe: “Dinámicas del mercado laboral global: Habilidades en demanda y la fuerza laboral del mañana” analiza la situación del mercado laboral en 33 economías de todo el mundo, evaluando las dinámicas en cada mercado laboral local. Este índice califica a los países en un rango de entre 0 y 10, siendo 5 el nivel de equilibrio en el mercado laboral, mostrando que las organizaciones no experimentan falta de talento especializado ni problemas en ofrecerles oportunidades laborales.
El flujo de migrantes calificados ha contribuido a un ligero descenso en el promedio total del índice de este año. El puntaje ha mostrado un descenso marginal del 5.4 a 5.3 –Es la primera vez que se ha reducido el promedio general del índice desde la primera edición en 2012.
Según datos de la ONU, se estima que 244 millones de personas, o sea el 3.3% de la población mundial, están actualmente viviendo en una ciudad diferente a la que nacieron. Los datos también revelaron que, en la Unión Europea en el 2016, la proporción de la población nacida en otro país con estudios universitarios es del 29%, con un aumento del 3% desde 2011.
Este flujo de trabajadores parece estar contrarrestando el problema que muchos países enfrentan ante el envejecimiento de la población. Excepto India, se prevé que la población en edad de trabajar en todos los países incluidos en el índice disminuirá en casi un millón de personas en 2017. Sin embargo, debido al aumento de las tasas de participación en 25 de los países del índice y el creciente número de migrantes cualificados, la oferta de profesionales incrementará a 1.1 millón.
La proliferación de la conectividad y las nuevas tecnologías ha permitido que más trabajadores, adopten patrones de trabajo flexibles. En los últimos 10 años en Estados Unidos, los trabajos por proyecto, los contratos temporales o “freelance” se han incrementado un 5% y representa el 15% de toda la fuerza laboral. En Europa el trabajo independiente ha crecido cuatro veces más rápido que el empleo total en los últimos cinco años. La digitalización también ayuda a combatir la escasez de habilidades y al mismo tiempo, permite al talento cualificado trabajar de una manera más flexible, eficiente y remota. Sin duda, existe una demanda creciente de nuevos roles dentro de este panorama en evolución.
A medida que la oferta de talento cualificado permanece estable, las empresas tendrán más capacidad de enfocarse en adaptar su fuerza laboral dentro del panorama de rápido desarrollo tecnológico. El auge de la tecnología y la automatización en el lugar de trabajo facilitará y mejorará la comunicación y el trabajo flexible. Por otro lado, también aumentará la demanda de nuevos puestos de trabajos y reemplazará algunos roles existentes. Los empleadores deberán tomar como prioridad la educación y la capacitación para asegurar que sus trabajadores estén bien preparados para trabajar en torno a todos los cambios que la tecnología traerá y asegurar que sus habilidades estén actualizadas y sigan relevantes en sus sectores.
Hallazgos locales (México) en el Índice Global de Habilidades 2017:
El país ha mejorado su puntuación total respecto a las ediciones anteriores, el puntaje general del país en el índice de este año es de 5.5. Como referencia, en el inicio del Índice en 2012, México obtuvo un porcentaje de 5.9, lo que significa que, aunque el país ha aprobado leyes durante este tiempo para hacer que los mercados de trabajo sean más flexibles, todavía existe un desajuste de talento. Esto provoca que queden cientos de vacantes para puestos de sectores especializados sin cubrir, porque el mercado no está ofreciendo profesionales con las habilidades que se demandan.
El informe también indica que las empresas mexicanas que quieran expandir su plantilla en el futuro, probablemente se beneficiarán de la creciente población en edad laboral del país. Sin embargo, existe un desafío continuo en referencia a la presencia de diversidad de género en las organizaciones. México cuenta la tercera tasa más baja de participación femenina (49 por ciento) de los 33 países que se analiza en el Índice. Esta tasa es incluso más baja que otros países de América Latina, incluidos Brasil (62 por ciento), Colombia (63 por ciento) y Chile (58 por ciento).
En términos laborales, actualmente, México se enfrenta a una transición demográfica que presenta la oportunidad de desarrollar profesionales con las habilidades requeridas por los negocios. “El talento actual, y los que están a punto de unirse al mercado laboral local, necesitarán más capacitación para satisfacer la alta demanda de profesionales altamente calificados. El mayor potencial radica en la inclusión de las mujeres en los sectores especializados”, concluye Kanahuati.
En concreto, la calificación de México por indicador es: Flexibilidad de educación (4.8), Participación de mercado laboral (4.8), Flexibilidad de Mercado Laboral (7.1), Desajuste de Talento (4.6), Presión Salarial General (4.4), Presión Salarial en Industrias Altamente Cualificadas (9.7), Presión Salarial en Ocupaciones Altamente Especializadas/Cualificadas (3.0).
Las cadenas de suministro involucran piezas móviles complejas y dinámicas. Para mantenerse competitivo, debes crear un sistema flexible que pueda adaptarse a las interrupciones, aprovechar
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He just felt that this colleague was willing to spend money and really hired an old expert.I m going to find the branch secretary now. Zuo Liangliang left, and Du Heng felt a lot more relaxed.
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ista en su esfuerzo por mantener las tendencias de crecimiento, a pesar de los factores externos e internos adversos que han mantenido el crecimiento del PIB por debajo del pronóstico inicial. A finales de 2016 e inicios de 2017, el desafío clave ha sido mantener el interés de la inversión extranjera a lo largo del período electoral de Estados Unidos. Esto ha sido sostenido por la situación geopolítica del «Mexican Moment», mientras el país busca nuevos aliados y territorios para exportar”, comentó Gerardo Kanahuati, director general de Hays México.