Por Mesve Vardar, directora de Industrial Design en Humanscale.
El diseño sustentable ha tenido un crecimiento constante debido a varios factores como el aumento de la demanda de los consumidores y organizaciones por contar con productos suficientemente resistentes para durar un largo periodo de tiempo. El mercado también busca productos que incorporen materiales renovables, biodegradables y reciclables.
Para conseguirlo, los procesos de manufactura tienen que adoptar el enfoque “Ciclo de Vida”. Este ciclo considera el impacto ambiental asociado a todas las etapas de la vida de un producto desde la extracción de la materia prima, la fabricación y el uso hasta su eliminación o reciclado. Considerando todo el ciclo, permite al Estudio de Diseño optimizar los diseños y tomar mejores decisiones de producción sostenible.
Por ejemplo, el Estudio de Diseño de Humanscale, empresa pionera y líder en la fabricación de productos ergonómicos para el confort en el trabajo utiliza un proceso por etapas. La sustentabilidad es incorporada en cada paso, con una revisión de calidad sistemática en cada etapa de los procesos:
1. Investigación y desarrollo: Esta etapa define el objetivo y el alcance del proyecto. La exploración es realizada para generar definiciones breves, y confirmar un caso de negocio para el proyecto. Aquí hacemos una investigación exhaustiva para asegurarnos de que comprendemos a los usuarios y a todos los interesados que podrían verse afectados por nuestros productos. Esta es una oportunidad para encontrar soluciones simples y elegantes, reduciendo o consolidando cambios y desarrollando productos que puedan ser de valor para los usuarios. Al final de esta etapa, se fijan las expectativas del producto, incluyendo las metas de sustentabilidad.
2. Diseño: En este punto, la exploración esta lista para generar conceptos bien estructurados. Las soluciones innovadoras son exploradas usando prototipos y maquetas. Los conceptos están redefinidos para consolidar partes y mejoras, para optimizar el material y la energía usada, y para satisfacer las necesidades funcionales del producto de manera eficiente. El concepto final es escogido y hecho realidad. El material preliminar, proceso y ensamblaje se llevan a cabo. Se determina también el proceso de desarme para reciclar. Al final de esta etapa, se hace una evaluación inicial del ciclo de vida de los productos para identificar donde residen los impactos más significativos.
3. Ingeniería: Esta etapa prepara el producto para la producción masiva. El material, el proceso y las alternativas para el ensamblaje se toman en cuenta. El método de desarme y reciclaje es confirmado. Para el final de esta etapa, se identifica en qué parte del ciclo el impacto es más significativo y el proyecto es evaluado en contraposición a los principios de sustentabilidad fijados en la etapa de investigación y desarrollo.
4. Pre Producción: En esta etapa se trabaja sobre las fases de producción para hacer un producto consistente que cumpla con todos los requerimientos funcionales. El material final, los procesos y ensamble del producto son confirmados. El empaquetado es especificado y se elige el método de transportación. Se confirma que el producto también cumpla con las normas estándares y los requisitos de durabilidad. Se realiza una evaluación simplificada del ciclo de vida para identificar dónde es más significativo el impacto. El proyecto se evalúa comparándolo con los principios establecidos en el primer escenario.
5. Producción masiva: En esta etapa ya hemos escogido y evaluado el producto dentro del primer año de producción. Si encontramos que un nuevo material ha sido beneficioso, capturamos esa información en una biblioteca centralizada, para que eso pueda ser utilizado en otros proyectos. Toda la documentación es revisada para mostrar qué aspectos fueron más efectivos y cuáles fueron menos necesarios. Esto nos lleva a una mejora continua para la sustentabilidad en proyectos futuros.
Todos los proyectos, tanto del equipo interno como los socios externos del estudio de diseño cumplen las mismas etapas y se mantienen con los mismos requisitos de sustentabilidad. Además, las directrices generales de sustentabilidad se aplican en todas las categorías de productos. Resulta clave que todos los documentos de trabajo que se han realizado en cada etapa estén actualizados con el objetivo de capturar las metas de sustentabilidad, monitorear los progresos y validar y los objetivos han sido logrados.
Por último, los materiales específicos, los procesos y la información de cada proyecto se archiva en una locación central y sirve para ser implementada en proyectos futuros.
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After another two hundred miles, Shao Nan stopped suddenly.It even made many people breathless.Three Swords Shao Nan actually only used three swords to kill Brother Biao, who was the golden elixir Dzogchen.
If Shao Nan can t be killed this time, it is estimated that the two sects will wait to bear Shao Nan s future anger.It was beyond Shao Nan s expectation.Two thousand three color chains were burning, but none of them broke.
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It should be a restriction arranged by the water attribute returning to the void, mainly to prevent the five spirits and phoenix fire from escaping and destroying the ice jade box.But Fujia understands that as long as he masters the planting technique, victory will belong to him sooner or later.
After finally getting rid of Lan Yuanzhou s entanglement and rushing all the way towards the direction of the convoy accident, Min Haoyan felt a little restless.It turned out to be the disciple of Zihuang, the first lover of Sword Master Jiuli.
There was a flash of greed in everyone s eyes.After all, there was no danger at such a long distance.The issue of fire control techniques is even hotly discussed.
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Xu Qi an looked at the high platform in the lake and slandered inwardly.Sangbo is not an ordinary lake.It has a history that people talk about, which is related to the founding emperor of Dafeng.
It was Xu Dalang and Xu Erlang who guaranteed their personalities, and all the money was used to run relationships and do business, and they were definitely not fooling around.The princes watched with smiles, while the other two princesses ran to the shore, Shouting for Lin an to go ashore, everyone took turns to play.
But in any case, it is not enough to get the appreciation of the great Confucianism, and the friendship of the white clothed Sitianjian.Taikang county magistrate was arrested and imprisoned overnight.
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I don t know much about Buddhism, but according to common sense, I think they are more sensitive to demonic and evil spirits.Yes, why deliberately separate these nine people If these nine people are all from the Ministry of Rites, Dali Temple Maybe it s possible.
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Por Mesve Vardar, directora de Industrial Design en Humanscale.