A fin de reducir el consumo de energía eléctrica y los costos de operación de los motores de empresas industriales, el investigador en computación de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH), Jesús Patricio Ordaz Oliver, desarrolla un programa que ayudará a disminuir en 20% el consumo de energía de los procesos, por medio de un modelo dinámico de los motores.
Según informa la Agencia Informativa Conacyt, Ordaz Oliver, adscrito al área académica de Computación del Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería (ICBI), mediante algoritmos numéricos en un motor de inducción puede medir la corriente del embobinado, la posición angular del eje del motor y con ello adquirir las señales de funcionamiento.
De acuerdo con el especialista, 40% de los procesos industriales es generado por motores de inducción, razón por la cual se centró en disminuir el consumo de energía, pues funciona como mecanismo de arranque y paro, lo que provoca pérdidas de entre 50 y 60% de la energía eléctrica que consumen las industrias, aunado a que se presentan otros problemas que generan pérdidas de hasta 25 por ciento, como el mal control.
Desde hace dos años, el miembro nivel I del Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI) trabaja en este proyecto, en el cual colaboran los investigadores Carlos Cuvas Castillo y Omar Jacobo Santos Sánchez.
El también coordinador de la maestría de ciencias y automatización de la UAEH detalló que este programa se basa en una planta motor, la cual únicamente cuenta con entradas de voltajes que suministran y las salidas que son angulares, por lo que estudia el modelo dinámico del motor y con ello genera estrategias de control.
Para desarrollar esta prueba, realiza ecuaciones diferenciales asociadas al movimiento del motor en un controlador, aunque en el caso de las variables que no se pueden medir directamente, diseñó una ecuación asociada a su comportamiento, conocidas como observadores. Ordaz Oliver explicó que este proyecto surgió al observar las necesidades que existen en la industria y que provocan pérdidas económicas, por lo que al reducir el consumo de energía de arranque de un motor se genera un ahorro monetario y de energía eléctrica.
Este tipo de pruebas también ayuda a disminuir el consumo de energía eléctrica en otras máquinas, como controladores en aerogeneradores en la industria, pero por el momento se ha concentrado solo en los motores. Especializado en la teoría del control llevada a la práctica, el académico sostuvo que al disminuir también costos en su operación e implementación, es un beneficio para los usuarios.
Están trabajando con el investigador Alexander Poznyak, integrante del Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav) del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), para compartir resultados de las pruebas. Los avances de estas investigaciones se han publicado en revistas especializadas científicas con tres artículos hasta el momento y en dos congresos internacionales.
Jesús Patricio Ordaz Oliver es ingeniero en electrónica y telecomunicaciones por la UAEH. Es maestro en ciencias y automatización de control por la UAEH y doctor por el Cinvestav. Ha publicado 20 artículos en revistas de gran impacto y en 10 congresos internacionales.
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A fin de reducir el consumo de energía eléctrica y los costos de operación de los motores de empresas industriales, el investigador en computación de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo (UAEH), Jesús Patricio Ordaz Oliver, desarrolla un programa que ayudará a disminuir en 20% el consumo de energía de los procesos, por medio de un modelo dinámico de los motores.