El nuevo concepto de edificio como objeto de la ciudad digital que contribuye a mejorar la toma de decisiones fue abordado en Greencities por Miguel Ángel González, director de Soluciones Tecnológicas en Minsait, la Unidad de Transformación Digital de Indra. El experto participó en la mesa redonda sobre “Objetos Internos de la Ciudad”, en el marco del Foro de Inteligencia y Sosteniblidad Urbana, que se celebró en abril en Málaga, España.
Más allá del enfoque tradicional, en el que el edificio tiene inteligencia para autogestionarse, Miguel Ángel González, defendió “un nuevo escenario en el que el edificio público o el aeropuerto se convierten en un elemento activo de la ciudad, a la que proporcionan información de valor integrándose en su modelo de gestión y permitiéndole adquirir mayor inteligencia para la toma de decisiones que impactan directamente en la calidad de vida de sus habitantes”.
Un ejemplo de este impacto sería la evacuación de un edificio ante un incidente, como un incendio, en el que el intercambio de información con el entorno a través de la plataforma urbana permitiría coordinar la evacuación de edificios adyacentes y comunicarse de manera inmediata con los servicios públicos de emergencias, bomberos o policía para la mitigación del desastre. “Hasta ahora se ha mirado la ciudad, pero no se ha mirado hacia la región ni se ha considerado a los edificios como elementos activos; ha llegado la hora de cambiar la perspectiva”, afirmó el directivo.
En este nuevo modelo, los edificios, tanto singulares (puertos, aeropuertos, estaciones) como de viviendas, se integran como un nodo IoT (Internet of Things), que aporta a la plataforma urbana datos sobre los niveles de contaminación atmosférica a diferentes alturas, información meteorológica, consumos de electricidad y agua o de las capacidades de almacenamiento de energía, entre otros. De esta manera, tanto la ciudad como los edificios, pasan a disponer de nuevos datos e información que les permite mejorar la gestión de los distintos servicios y, con ello, la calidad de vida del ciudadano.
El reto de la interoperabilidad
Esta labor, sin embargo, implica que todos los edificios hablen el mismo idioma y de ahí que cobre importancia la normalización y generación de una semántica común, que asegure la interoperabilidad de diferentes soluciones.
De hecho, dentro del modelo de normalización de ciudades inteligentes, Minsait lidera el grupo UNE CTN178/ GT2 SB, que definirá los requisitos mínimos obligatorios relativos a semántica de datos para asegurar la interoperabilidad entre edificios, plataformas y desarrolladores. La unidad de transformación digital de Indra acumula un importante conocimiento en este ámbito a través de su plataforma Minsait IoT Sofia2, que cumple con las normas existentes en materia de interoperabilidad de datos y ofrece un entorno abierto que favorece la participación de pequeñas empresas y start-ups.
Para abordar este reto, Miguel Ángel González considera imprescindible la colaboración entre las ciudades, de forma que cada una de ellas pueda compartir su experiencia y casos de especialización con las demás a través de un modelo lean start up (prueba y error), cuyo resultado sean soluciones de éxito replicables y escalables. Asimismo, destaca la involucración de otros agentes como la industria, la administración pública central y los centros de innovación para que conformen un ecosistema autosostenible en el tiempo, más allá de la inversión pública inicial.
“Cada ciudad por sí sola no va a poder implantar este modelo; tienen que colaborar entre sí para que cada una se especialice en un ámbito y construya una propuesta de valor excelente, junto con la industria y la ciudadanía, que sea auto-sostenible desde el punto de vista financiero”, señaló.
Los consumidores en línea alrededor del mundo están comprando en mercados digitales y minoristas internacionales, y dependen más de dispositivos digitales con opciones de entrega alternativas.
Con el análisis de datos públicos disponibles en la red podemos saber dónde se encuentra nuestro cliente, qué le gusta, en qué horario está online y cómo se comporta en las redes.
El big data desempeña un papel vital en los procesos de toma de decisiones para las empresas, proporcionando información completa sobre el comportamiento del consumidor.
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El nuevo concepto de edificio como objeto de la ciudad digital que contribuye a mejorar la toma de decisiones fue abordado en Greencities por Miguel Ángel González, director de Soluciones Tecnológicas en Minsait, la Unidad de Transformación Digital de Indra. El experto participó en la mesa redonda sobre “Objetos Internos de la Ciudad”, en el marco del Foro de Inteligencia y Sosteniblidad Urbana, que se celebró en abril en Málaga, España.